Refractory furnace wall



ug. 25, 1930. A. F. HALL REFRACTORY FURNACE WALL Filed Feb. 6, 192a Patented Au 26, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ARTHIIR F. HALL, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASiSIlIGNOR TO HALL ARCH COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE nnrnacronr FURNACE WALL- Application filed "February 6,1928. Serial No. 252,303.

' rated by an air space, through which the air for combustion is conducted for the double purpose of preheating the air and cooling the inner or fire wall section.

My invention contemplates a refractory furnace wall of novel and improved construction and also a novel form of block unit herein shown as comprising a constituent part of a wall. I propose to connect the wall sections by spacer bars extending across the air space between the sections and having interlocking engagement at each end with the sections. An advantage incident to such a construction is that the block units may be made with plane faces and without projecting lugs which have heretofore been used for making an interlocking connection between the sections In one of its as ects, therefore, the invention comprises a hlock unit having a rectangular body portion with plane faces and transversely disposed ,recesses in its upperand' lower edges which, when the block units are assembled in the wall sections, constitute sockets for the re- I ception of the ends of the spacer bars. Block count of their compact .design,breakage is units of thischaracter may be manufactured with good advantage in automatic moulding machinery, having no overhanging or undercut portions. They occupy a m nimum space in storage or in transportation and, on acreduced to a minimum.

, Another feature of the invention consists in a spacer bar for'connecting the sections of a refractory furnace wall and comprising end sections of equal size and. symmetrical cross section and ofsuch shape that they may be conveniently and securely laidas the furnace wall is being constructed. The end i sections have 'acentrally located 'hole for receiving a locking rod and are connected by'an intermediate section of reduced area and rounded contour, so as to facilitate the passage of a large volume of air at high" speed through the air space between the sections of the wall.

These and other features of the invention will be best understood and appreciated from the following description of a preferred embodiment thereof, selected for purposes of illustration and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a view in erspective of a portion of a furnace wall em odying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a view in perspective of one of the block units;

Fig.3 is a view in block; and

Fig. 4is a view in'perspective of-a curved block unit for use in a cylindrical furnace.

In Fig. l, a portion of the Wall of a furnace of conventional type is represented. It will be understood that the invention is of broad application to any furnace of marine, stationary or industrial type and to furnaces burning any sort of fuel. As-a general thing, the block units forming the inner or fire wall section will be composed of a. highly refractory material, such as carborundum, or of a high grade of fire cla with a carborundum facing. Carborun um is a material having highly refractory characteristics. It has also a high thermal conductivity, so that it will readily take up heat from the flame of the furnace and become highly heated itself. Carborundum possesses the further advantage of rigidness and has a surface which is substantially clinkerproof. It also permits the use of a block unit much thinner than the ordinary refractory block and this is important where reduction of weight is a factor, as in marine work.

The essential qualification of the outer wall section is high insulating property and sufiicient strength and rigidity to form a perspective of a corner stable structure. While fire clay is highly suitable for this purpose, any other material outer wall section. Referring to Fig. 2, it will be seen that the block unit has a rectangular body portion 10 with plane faces and that it is provided at its upper and low- :-.r edges with square-cornered transverse recesses. The corner recesses 12 arev one-half the width of the central recess 14, so that when two block unitsare assembled side by side in a tier, the adjacent corner recesses register and form a recess of the same width as the central recess 14. The opposite verti cal edges of the block unit are provided with semi-circular longitudinal grooves 16 for the reception of locking rods, as will be explained. A vertical hole 18 is disposed centrally of .the block unit and intersects the central recess 14.

In the block units of the outer wall section, there is provided in the outer face thereof two sockets 20 for the reception of anchor bolt heads. These sockets 20 are located out of line with the recesses in the upper and lower edges of the unit and are intersected by vertical holes 22 in which,

- when the wall is constructed, are placed locking rodsfor the anchor bolts.

In constructing a furnace wall with block uni-ts such as shown in Fig. 2, the blocks are assembled in tiers, breaking joints between the tiers, so that the wide central recess 14 in one block is located above and below the recess formed by two adjacent corner recesses 12. The combined recesses form a square socket, each recess 14 comprising half the area of the socket and each corner recess 12 comprising one-quarter of the socket. The result is a series of transverse sockets spaced along the upper edge of each tier of block units, half the width of the block on centers. The blocks herein shown are approximately twelve inches square and the sockets measure approximately three inches on a side.

The two wall sections are connected by a series of spacer bars, having end sections 30 square in cross section and of the proper size to fit the sockets in the wall sections. The end sections of the spacer bars are connected by an intermediate section 32 of reduced area and rounded contour. Each end section 30 is provided with a vertical hole 34 and, in the assembled structure, these register with the holes 18 or the holes formed by the semi-circular groove 16 in the block units. The ends of the spacer bars are detachably anchored in their recesses and the block units themselves are locked together by vertical locking rods 36. These are preferably made up in sections with articulated joints for convenience where the head room is limited.

It is customary to secure or anchor the outer wall section to a frame or casing and for this purpose anchor bolts 4O are inserted in the sockets 20 in the face of the outer wall section. The heads of the anchor bolts are vertically perforated and are locked in position by locking rods 42, passing through corner block 44 is generally Lshaped and has square-cornered recesses 46 formed in the corners of its long leg for cooperation with the recesses 12 of the standard block units. In constructing the furnace wall, the corner blocks 44 are laid alternately in opposite directions, as required by the breakjoint arrangement of the standard bl'ocks. It will be understood that by withdrawing appropriate locking rods 36 and 42 any selected block unit or spacer bar may be removed for purposes of inspection or replacement.

For use in a furnace having a cylindrical wall, I employ a block unit 54, Fig. 4-, which has its inner and outer walls curved transversely on the desired radius but otherwise is of the same shape as the block unit shown in Fig. 2.

In certain types of furnaces, I may require a solid carborundum block unit or a carborumlum-faced block at the base of the furnace and just above the stoker, and in the remainder of the wall I may desireto use a good refractory fire clay material, thus producing a composite wall and somewhat reducing the cost of material. The material to be used depends principally upon two things, namely, the type of furnace and its intended purpose, and where possible and practicable I desire to use a highly refractory tire clay rather than the more expensive carborundum in order to keep down the cost of material.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A refractory furnace wall comprising inner and outer'sections, and a plurality of spacer bars extending across the air space between said sections, having detachable interlocking engagment at each end with the said sections and being accessible from outside the wall.

2. A refractory furnace wall comprising inner and outer sections having smooth plane interior faces with oppositely disposed sockets, and spacer bars extending across the air space between said sections, having their ends anchored in the sockets of the respective sections and being accessible from outside the Wall. v

,3. A refractory furnace wall comprising inner and outer sections of block units, each unit having a recess in its periphery and being assembled in such relation to adjacent units that the recesses register and form sockets, and spacer bars extending from one section to the other having their ends anchored in said sockets and being accessible from outside the wall.

4. A refractory furnace wall comprising inner and outer sections of block units, each unit having its corners cut away to form quarter-sockets and having recess in one edge to form a half-socket, said units being assembled to form oppositely disposed whole sockets in the respective sections, and spacer bars detachably anchored at their opposite ends in said whole sockets with their outer ends flush with the outer faces of the wall sections.

5. A refractory furnace wall comprising inner and outer sections of block units, each unit having recesses formed in its horizontal edges and a vertical hole intersecting said recesses, spacer bars extending between said sections with their ends received in said recesses, and locking rods in said holes, passing through the ends of the spacer bars and anchoring them in the respective sections.

6. A refractory furnace wall comprising inner and outer sections of block units laid in tiers, recesses in the upper and lower edges of each unit arranged to register in the tiers to form sockets, and spacer bars extending between the sections at the tier lines, being detachably anchored in said sockets and bein accessible from the outer face of the wall.

A block unit for a refractory furnace wall, having a rectangular body portion with plane faces and centrally disposed transverse recesses in its upper and lower edges and vertical holes extending through the body of the unit and intersecting said recesses.

8. A block unit for refractory furnace walls, having a body portion with squarecornered recesses formed at equal distances along its upper and lower edges, and sockets for anchor bolts formed in one face of the unit out of line with the recesses.

9. A spacer bar for refractory furnace Walls, having end sections of equal size and symmetrical cross section, each end section having a centrally located hole to receive a locking rod, and being connected by an intermediate section of reduced area and rounded contour.

10. A refractory block unit for a furnace wall, having a substantially rectangular body portion with recesses for spacer bars formed in its upper and lower edges, socxets for anchor bolts formed in one face of the unit out of line with the recesses, and holes e:-:- tending through the body of the unit in parallel relation and so disposed as to intersect the recesses and sockets respectively.

ARTHUR F. HALL. 

